A filament dryer is an essential tool for 3D printing enthusiasts, designed to remove moisture from filament before and during printing. Filaments such as PLA, ABS, PETG, and Nylon absorb moisture from the air, leading to printing issues like poor layer adhesion, bubbling, and nozzle clogs. Using a filament dryer at the correct temperature ensures high-quality prints and prevents material degradation. In this article, we will explore the ideal drying temperatures for different filaments, how a filament dryer works, and the benefits of using one.
Why is Filament Drying Important?
1. Prevents Print Defects
- Moisture in filament causes stringing, bubbling, and weak layer bonding.
- Removing moisture results in smoother, more durable prints.
2. Reduces Nozzle Clogs
- Wet filament releases steam during printing, leading to clogged nozzles and extrusion issues.
3. Extends Filament Shelf Life
- Proper drying prevents material degradation and brittleness, keeping filament usable for longer.
4. Enhances Print Strength
- Dry filament maintains its original mechanical properties, producing stronger, more reliable prints.
Recommended Drying Temperatures for Filament
Each type of filament requires a specific drying temperature to remove moisture effectively without damaging the material. Below is a guide to the recommended temperatures and drying times for common 3D printing filaments.
| Filament Type | Drying Temperature (°C) | Drying Time (Hours) |
|---|---|---|
| PLA (Polylactic Acid) | 40-45°C | 4-6 hours |
| ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) | 50-55°C | 4-6 hours |
| PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol) | 55-65°C | 4-6 hours |
| TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) | 40-45°C | 4-6 hours |
| Nylon | 70-80°C | 6-12 hours |
| PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol) | 50-55°C | 4-6 hours |
| PC (Polycarbonate) | 70-80°C | 6-12 hours |
| HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) | 50-55°C | 4-6 hours |
| ASA (Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate) | 50-55°C | 4-6 hours |
How Does a Filament Dryer Work?
A filament dryer box uses controlled heat and airflow to remove moisture from the filament while preventing new moisture from entering. Here’s how it works:
1. Heating Element
- A built-in heater warms the filament to the correct drying temperature.
- Prevents overheating to avoid filament softening or deformation.
2. Humidity Control
- Many filament dryers have humidity sensors to monitor moisture levels.
- Helps in determining when the filament is fully dry.
3. Air Circulation
- Some filament dryers include fans to evenly distribute heat.
- Prevents filament from being dried unevenly.
4. Sealed Chamber
- The enclosure prevents external moisture from entering.
- Often includes desiccant packs to absorb any remaining humidity.
How to Use a Filament Dryer at the Correct Temperature
- Place the filament spool inside the dryer.
- Set the correct temperature based on filament type (refer to the table above).
- Allow the filament to dry for the recommended duration.
- Use the filament directly from the dryer or store it in an airtight container.
- Repeat the drying process if needed, especially for hygroscopic materials like Nylon.
Can You Dry Filament in an Oven?
Yes, but you must be very careful to avoid damaging the filament. Follow these steps:
- Set the oven to the lowest possible temperature (around 40-50°C).
- Preheat the oven before placing the filament inside.
- Place the spool on a baking tray and dry for 4-6 hours.
- Monitor closely to prevent overheating and warping.
- Let the filament cool before using it.
⚠ Warning: Some ovens have inaccurate temperature controls, which can cause filament to melt. A dedicated filament dryer is the safest option.
Best Filament Dryer Boxes
If you are serious about 3D printing, investing in a filament dryer box can make a significant difference. Here are some top-rated models:
1. Sunlu Filament Dryer S2
- Adjustable temperature control.
- Compatible with most filament types.
- Digital display for easy monitoring.
2. eSUN eBox Lite
- Affordable and compact design.
- Built-in heater and moisture control.
- Works with 1.75mm and 2.85mm filaments.
3. PrintDry Filament Dryer PRO
- Advanced drying technology with precise controls.
- Can dry multiple spools at once.
- Best for professionals using Nylon and PC.
FAQs
1. What happens if I dry filament at the wrong temperature?
- Too high: Filament may soften, deform, or become brittle.
- Too low: Moisture may not be fully removed, leading to print defects.
2. How often should I dry my filament?
- If stored in a humid environment, dry before every print.
- For well-sealed storage, drying every few weeks may be enough.
3. Can I leave filament in a dryer overnight?
- Yes, but ensure the temperature is set correctly to avoid overheating.
4. Does filament need to be dried before every print?
- Not always, but highly hygroscopic filaments like Nylon and TPU require frequent drying.
5. How can I store filament to keep it dry?
- Use airtight containers with silica gel packs.
- Store in low-humidity areas.
Conclusion
A filament dryer is a must-have tool for improving 3D printing quality by removing moisture from filament. The correct drying temperature depends on the type of filament, with PLA requiring around 40-45°C and Nylon needing 70-80°C. Whether using a dedicated filament dryer or an oven, proper drying prevents printing issues, enhances strength, and ensures consistent extrusion. Investing in a filament dryer box is a smart choice for any 3D printing enthusiast who wants better, more reliable prints.